Score: A Hockey Musical

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Score: A Hockey Musical
Directed byMichael McGowan
Screenplay byMichael McGowan
Produced by
  • Jody Colero
  • Avi Federgreen
  • Richard Hanet
  • Michael McGowan
Starring
CinematographyRudoloph Blahacek
Edited byRoderick Deogrades
Distributed byMongrel Media
Release dates
  • 9 September 2010 (2010-09-09) (TIFF)
  • 22 October 2010 (2010-10-22) (Canada)
Running time
92 minutes
CountryCanada
LanguageEnglish

Score: A Hockey Musical is a 2010 Canadian ice hockey coming-of-age musical comedy film written and directed by Michael McGowan starring Noah Reid, Allie MacDonald, Olivia Newton-John, Marc Jordan and Nelly Furtado. The story follows a sheltered, pacifistic teenager who becomes a star player in a violent junior ice hockey league.

The film was chosen to open five international film festivals in September 2010, leading up to the launch of the 2010–11 NHL season. It was generally seen to be a crowd-pleaser and a campy celebration of Canadiana, but some critics faulted the populist effort as having little or no cinematic merit. It was nominated for two Directors Guild of Canada Awards and an ACTRA Award.

Background[edit]

Ice hockey is Canada's national winter sport and has been connected to Canadian nationalism since the country's early history. The violent and aggressive style of hockey separated it from sports of Europe and the United States, and Canadians took ownership of the sport which was seen to display a stoic, courageous and dominant masculinity of First Nations cultures and early Canadian settlers.[1]: 218–220  While Canadians later developed an international reputation of being polite and peaceful,[a] ice hockey remained a forum in which violence is embraced.[1]: 220 

While there is little violence in informal pick-up games where players may not use protective equipment, occurrences of fighting in ice hockey increase with the player's age and the level of competition.[3]: 111  From around ages 12–14, players tend to either drop out of competitive leagues or become socialized into the culture of violence.[3]: 116, 118  Such players consider fistfights to be "sticking up for oneself", an obligatory and self-defensive response to intimidation. Failure to decisively respond to intimidation can cause the player to lose face, be targeted by further intimidation, and become distracted from the game.[4]: 64–67  Within hockey culture, unwritten rules regarding hockey fights are known as "the code".[5][b]

Synopsis[edit]

A montage shows men, women and children playing ice hockey and street hockey on a multitude of playing surfaces and environments, while a song reverently connects the sport to Canadian cultural identity ("O Hockey Canada").

Seventeen-year-old Farley Gordon is playing pick-up hockey at his local outdoor ice rink when he is challenged to one-on-one by a man who played competitively. The man recognizes Farley's potential but Farley only plays for fun and exercise ("Darryl vs. The Kid"). On his way home, Farley meets his neighbour Eve, who is returning from music practice with her cello. They have known each other since they were small children, are both home schooled and sheltered, and do volunteer work together. However, while Farley sees their relationship as platonic, Eve has secretly developed romantic feelings for him ("Best Friends").

After logically refuting his parents' concerns that hockey is too rough ("Frozen Toe"), Farley returns to the ice where his talents are recognized by Walt Acorn, the owner of junior ice hockey team the Brampton Blades.[c] Acorn meets with Farley's parents to explain his exceptional talents and recruit him but they do not wish for hockey to occupy any more of Farley's time, their perspective expressed through a folk song ("Hugs"). Farley is intrigued by the opportunity and the chance to expand his worldview, however, and after discussing it with Eve decides to attend a Blades practice ("Give it a Shot").

Coach Donker is unimpressed with Farley and notes that Acorn's last recruit received a broken jaw from a slap shot. On the ice, Farley shows his skill by twice deking through the defence to score, but on his third attempt the Blades' enforcer Moose charges and delivers a violent check that knocks out Farley. When Farley recovers in the changing room, Donker warns that he doesn't have the skills to defend himself at a competitive level, that Moose went easy on him, and to continue would be suicidal ("Buck 55"). The following day, during the warm-ups for a league game, rival enforcers start a bench-clearing brawl. Late to the bench after humanely removing a mouse from the changing room, Farley has difficulty comprehending the spectacle which he is told is part of the game ("Kraft Dinner").

Farley is given the first face-off and, with the other players fatigued from the fight, scores six seconds into the game. He collects four goals and two assists by the end of the game. Farley is celebrated but quickly sees a downside as another player is cut from the team. Returning home on public transit with his parents and Eve (who attended the game), there is a gap in appreciation of the game ("Baboons"). Farley receives increasing media attention with successive games, while his teammates celebrate and protect him. However, he misses practices for commitments to volunteer work with Eve, and Donker doesn't know how to make him treat the sport as more than a game ("Donker's Dilemma").

Farley engages in male bonding rituals with the team, in training and on road trips for away games, including getting a team tattoo ("Boyfriends"). He receives endorsement deals including a magazine cover and cereal box, but becomes jealous when he sees Eve being taught to ice skate by her concert piano partner Marco. She pointedly tells Farley that Marco isn't her type. Farley soon attracts puck bunnies and is considered to be a contender for first draft pick. An imagined slight leads to a bench-clearing brawl, and Donker orders everyone to pick an opponent. The opposing goaltender,[d] frustrated at giving up a hat trick to Farley, charges him and Farley ducks and covers, pacifistically taking a few punches until the brawl ends at the sight of this disgrace.

After a dressing-down from Donkler, the players talk it out with Farley, how "the code" of fighting[b] is inherently tied to their sense of masculinity and honour, particularly for Moose. They warn that if Farley won't fight back, opponents will think they can fight him with impunity and it will be impossible to guarantee his safety. Failing to fight is also separating him from the brotherhood of the team ("Pacifism Defence"). The media turn on Farley, his endorsement deals are withdrawn, he suffers more hits on the ice, suffers shaming,[e] and while he continued to perform his goals are met with boos. Farley considers giving up his pacifism and talks with Eve, but becomes frustrated when he sees a gift from Marco and realizes he forgot her birthday. His parents encourage him to quit the team before he becomes a vulgar thug ("Ordinary Boy").

Farley goes to talk to Eve but witnesses Marco making an advance on her and comes to the wrong conclusion, though it causes him to realize his feelings for Eve. He meets the neighbourhood guys from his pick-up hockey games who encourage Farley to confess his feelings to Eve ("Boy in the Bubble"). However, when he sees Eve outside their homes, he fights with her, accusing her of hypocritically lying about a relationship with Marco ("Dead and Done"). The pressure builds on Farley and when goalie Jean-Luc challenges him on the ice, Farley drops his gloves and fights. Immediately afterward, Farley walks away from the game and the team, feeling that he's lost himself ("Toe to Toe").

Farley realizes his mistake with Eve, can't concentrate on his studies, and tries to make sense of his life again. One night he goes to the empty Blades arena where he has a vision of Walter Gretzky, Theo Fleury and other famous hockey personalities who remind him of what's important. He determines to find his own way to express heroism ("Legends"). Farley apologizes to Eve and confesses his feelings for her, and she confesses her long-held feelings for him ("Eve's a Goddess").

Farley goes to rejoin the team. His teammates were moved when he quit and reconsidered their position on fighting, saying that they will accept him whether he is a fighter or not. They remain concerned that his pacifism will make him a target, but Farley says he has another plan. As they skate onto the ice for warmups, Farley is immediately challenged. Farley throws down the gloves, dodges a few swings, then pins his opponent's arms in a bear hug until the other player surrenders from embarrassment. Farley wins back the crowd and there is a spontaneous celebration of the sport ("Hockey, The Greatest Game in the Land").

Cast[edit]

Development[edit]

Writing[edit]

Director Michael McGowan wrote the script.[9] Music had been integral to his previous film, One Week, and he decided to go further in that direction with a musical.[10] While developing ideas in January 2009,[11] he thought he could find humour by setting the musical in hockey culture.[12] The project was developed under the working title Hockey: The Musical.[13][14][f]

McGowan took some inspiration from musical film Once, the duet in Juno and the closing dance number in Slumdog Millionaire. McGowan wrote the lyrics so that the songs advanced the narrative and worked with Canadian composers to set them to music.[12] Farley wears jersey 14, in recognition of one of McGowan's favourite hockey players, Maple Leafs centre Dave Keon,[17] a hall-of-fame professional who won the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy for two consecutive seasons as most gentlemanly player.[18]

Dance scenes were choreographed by Amy Wright. McGowan wanted to convey humour with the dancing hockey players and wanted them to be a little awkward and imperfect. Instead of employing figure skaters, Wright found ballet, jazz and hip-hop dancers who had a background in ice hockey.[12] Months were spent to ensure the songs and choreography worked for the film.[10]

Casting[edit]

Executive producer Jody Colero knew singer-songwriter Jordan and brought him in for the father role. Jordan's wife, Amy Sky, was friends with Olivia Newton-John[g] and sent her the script.[12][20] McGowan considered it a "casting coup" when the pop music icon agreed to co-star in the film,[9] which also encouraged international sales.[12] Jordan hadn't acted since a short period with The Groundlings. He credited scene partner Newton-John for helping him feel comfortable in the role.[21]

McGowan expected to have difficulty casting the lead, but Reid was their first audition and satisfied the director with his acting, skating and singing.[12] Reid's audition included some one-on-one play with McGowan at the Upper Canada College hockey rink.[21] The biggest casting challenge proved to be the role of Eve, for which McGowan made a national search, finding that MacDonald could portray the "combination of innocence and quirkiness" that he sought for the role.[22] Reid and MacDonald each had a background in musical theatre[21] and each played hockey as children, Reid advancing to U14 select league[h] for a year.[22][24] Having played guitar from childhood, MacDonald undertook intensive training for the cello which was a mental and physical challenge.[22]

The cast also includes singer-songwriters Nelly Furtado and Hawksley Workman, and cameos by Walter Gretsky and retired professional hockey player Theo Fleury.[12]

Filming[edit]

The film was produced by McGowan and Avi Federgreen through Mulmar Feed Company with executive producers Jody Colero for music studio Silent Joe and Richard Hanet for distributor Mongrel Media.[25][26] The production had a budget of $5.3 million.[9][12] It received financing from Telefilm Canada ($2.2 million[13]), the Ontario Media Development Corporation, the Harold Greenberg Fund, tax credits, a distributor advance, and broadcast licenses from CBC Television and The Movie Network. Additional funding was raised through embedded marketing, placing corporate logos on the boards of the hockey rink.[14] The project was greenlit in November 2009.[20]

It was filmed in the Greater Toronto Area over 25 days between 1 February and 8 March 2010.[25][12] It was filmed by cinematographer Rudolf Blahacek[8] using a Red One digital camera[27] with a Fujinon Premier PL 18–85 T2.0 zoom lens.[28] Locations include the Art Gallery of Ontario, the skating rink at Nathan Phillips Square, an ice rink in Wychwood Park, a Brampton Transit bus, and Weston Arena in northwest Toronto.[9][12][29] The 60-year-old arena was booked in November 2009, and redressed for the fictitious history of the Brampton Blades. Filming in the arena began before sunrise to make the most of their limited ice time.[20] McGowan wore knee-height snowmobile boots to insulate himself from the ice,[30] while Reid noted that his feet were "chewed up" from the last two weeks of performing six hours a day in hockey skates.[31]

Tamara Deverell served as production designer with costumes designed by Patrick Antosh. The film was edited by Roderick Deogrades to 92 minutes.[8][26]

Music[edit]

For most of the songs, McGowan wrote the lyrics with the music composed by Marco DiFelice. Other contributors include Marc Jordan, Hawksley Workman, Barenaked Ladies, Newton-John, and Amy Sky. DiFelice and Jody Colero supervised the film's soundtrack at Silent Joe studio.[9][20] In an interview, McGowan noted that the lyrics are often "absurd" and "over the top on purpose ... tongue firmly in cheek".[32] In most cases the lyrics are speech-sung.[8][33]

The soundtrack Score: A Hockey Musical was released on 19 October 2010 with "Hockey, the Greatest Game in the Land" available as a digital single on 16 October.[34] The soundtrack contains 21 tracks:[35][36]

SCORE: A Hockey Musical (original soundtrack)
No.TitleWriter(s)Performed byLength
1."O Hockey Canada" (O Canada)Marco DiFelice, Jonathan Goldsmith and Michael McGowanJohn McDermott and Canadian Children's Opera Company1:18
2."Darryl vs. The Kid"Barenaked Ladies and McGowanDave Bidini, Thomas Mitchell, Noah Reid, Hawksley Workman1:32
3."Best Friends"DiFelice, Emilie Mover, Benjamin Pinkerton and McGowanAllie MacDonald and Reid2:02
4."Frozen Toe"DiFelice, Pinkerton, and McGowanMark Jordan, Olivia Newton-John and Reid1:35
5."Hugs"Olivia Newton-John, Amy Sky and Marc JordanJordan and Newton-John3:33
6."Give it a Shot"DiFelice, Pinkerton and McGowanMacDonald and Reid1:28
7."Buck 55"DiFelice, Pinkerton and McGowanJohn Pyper-Ferguson, Reid, and John Robinson1:09
8."Kraft Dinner"DiFelice, Pinkerton and McGowanJordan, MacDonald, Stephen McHattie, Newton-John and Reid2:04
9."Baboons"DiFelice, Jody Colero, Alexander Andresen and McGowanJordan, MacDonald, Newton-John and Reid1:32
10."Donker's Dilemma"DiFelice, Pinkerton and McGowanMcHattie, Pyper-Ferguson and Robinson1:04
11."Boyfriends"DiFelice, Brent Barkman, Colero and McGowanJordan, Newton-John, Chris Ratz, Reid, and Dru Viergever2:44
12."Pacifism Defence"DiFelice, Pinkerton and McGowanRatz, Reid and Viergever3:22
13."Ordinary Boy"DiFelice, Ryan Corrigan and McGowanJordan, Newton-John and Reid1:43
14."Boy in the Bubble"DiFelice, Corrigan and McGowanBidini, Reid and Workman2:25
15."Dead and Done"DiFelice, Corrigan and McGowanMacDonald and Reid1:54
16."Toe to Toe"DiFelice, Corrigan and McGowanNelly Furtado, Jordan, McHattie, Wesley Morgan, Newton-John, Pyper-Ferguson, Reid, Robinson, Marc Trottier3:26
17."Legends"DiFelice, Benjamin, Pinkerton, Jordan and McGowanTheo Fleury, Walter Gretzky, Jordan, Newton-John, Paul O'Sullivan, Reid6:13
18."Eve's a Goddess"DiFelice, Corrigan, Amy Sky and McGowanMacDonald and Reid3:47
19."Hockey, The Greatest Game in the Land" (Movie Version)DiFelice, Pinkerton, Colero and McGowanBrandon Firla, Furtado, Jordan, MacDonald, McHattie, Morgan, Newton-John, Pyper-Ferguson, Ratz, Reid, Trottier, Viergever5:20
20."Time Stand Still"Geddy Lee, Alex Lifeson and Neil PeartNelly Furtado3:46
21."Hockey, The Greatest Game in the Land" (Radio Edit)DiFelice, Pinkerton, Colero and McGowanHawksley Workman3:24
Total length:55:21

Portions of "Sometimes When We Touch" by Dan Hill is sung in the film[37] by actors Reid and Gianpaolo Venuta but the song does not appear on the soundtrack.[citation needed]

Furtado's cover of Rush's "Time Stand Still" was recognized as an iTunes Hot Track for the third week of October 2010.[38]

Themes and analysis[edit]

National Post film critic Jay Stone noted how the film questions Canadian identity. From the documentary-style opening montage, ice hockey is established as a national pastime and an important part of the culture of Canada.[39] A screening of the film at the Museum of Modern Art considered the "bipolar Canadian condition" between the frequent violence of ice hockey and the generally nonaggressive attitudes of Canadians.[40] Other aspects of Canadiana are compared and contrasted with the obsession of the national sport:

Hockey without fighting is like Kraft Dinner without cheese.
It's still pasta, but the palate it won't please.
– excerpt from "Kraft Dinner"[41][20]

The film also draws attention to gender stereotypes in hockey and examines images of masculinity through Farley's journey.[42] When he shows himself unprepared for full contact hockey, Donkler urges him to quit playing and become a figure skater[i] or a fan, giving him a pink Blades T-shirt. On road trips with the team, Farley takes part in locker room towel snapping,[44] pyroflatulence and writing names in the snow via urination.[45] His association with this hyper-masculinity culminates in a semi-nude advertising campaign dubbed "The New Macho", which is predicated on his projected image of masculinity – an image which collapses due to the ultimate disgrace of turtling.[j] Due to his rejection of the team's masculine norms, Farley's hockey skates are given a "girlie" makeover in reflective gold with rhinestones.[8]

The Globe and Mail film critic Rick Groen noted that Score raised interesting questions regarding the intersection of culture and art. While Farley weighs intellectual pursuits against his athletic talent, his girlfriend counsels him (in song): "You should follow your heart / But everybody knows that hockey's not art." Groen holds that any sport played at its highest levels has instances of "pure artistry", and that the formal arts in Canada have tried to emulate the performance and drama of hockey games. The controversy over fighting in hockey games then speaks to the wider issue of "whether to pander to the masses at the expense of 'artistic' purity." Groen found it ironic that such pandering by the filmmakers undercut the message of valuing non-conformist artistic athleticism. He also found the metaphor was carried in the film's selection at festivals, which sought to balance populism and commerce with art.[46]

Release[edit]

The film was aggressively marketed, with regular casting announcements for the many cameos.[20][47]

The film premiered at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival on 9 September as the first film of its opening night gala at Roy Thompson Hall, introduced by Canadian Heritage Minister James Moore.[48] The film subsequently opened the Atlantic International Film Festival (AIFF) on 16 September,[49] Cinéfest Sudbury International Film Festival on 18 September,[50] the Calgary International Film Festival (CIFF) on 23 September[51][52] and the Edmonton International Film Festival (EIFF) on 24 September.[53][46][k] It was also shown at the anniversary gala of the 35th Vancouver International Film Festival (VIFF) on 9 October.[55]

The film was rated PG in Canada[56] and distributed through Mongrel Media.[48] It was released in theatres in Canada on 22 October[57] with a wide release of 120 screens.[58] The film ranked 13th for box office receipts in Canada on its opening weekend.[47]

The film's international premiere was in New York City on 18 March 2011 as part of the Canadian Front showcase at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA).[40][59][60] It was the second opening film at the Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Film Festival on 14 April.[61][l] The film was distributed internationally by New Films International. The film's Asian premiere was in June 2011 at the Shanghai International Film Festival as part of the Focus Canada showcase.[62] It opened the Sydney Canadian Film Festival in Australia on 8 August 2011.[63]

A home-video DVD was released in Canada on 18 January 2011.[57] The DVD extras have deleted scenes including unused songs and and a cameo by Margaret Atwood.[41]

Reception[edit]

Critical response[edit]

Critics were sharply divided in their reviews of the film.[64] Peter Howell of the Toronto Star wrote that such judgments were determined by "tolerance for pop ditties and groaners"[44] and Rick Groen of The Globe and Mail reduced the debate to whether the film was "risibly lame or delightfully lame".[46] Jim Slotek of the Toronto Sun recommended the "deliberate groaners ... as pure camp"[65] and Michael Potemra of the National Review praised the music and lyrics which remind the audience "how much fun movies can be."[60] However, Greig Dymond of CBC said the film is "marred by weak lyrics, even weaker melodies and a number of actors who probably shouldn't be singing in public"[37] and Will Sloan of Exclaim! wrote that the film "fails resoundingly on every level".[66]

Score: A Hockey Musical was largely seen as a crowd-pleaser full of Canadiana.[67] A review in the Associated Press (AP) called it "a warm, irreverent and irresistibly goofy love letter" to hockey in Canada[26] and Cheryl Binning of Playback magazine called it "an unabashedly Canadian film".[12] Groen called it "the most unashamedly, irrepressibly, gleefully parochial film ever to open [TIFF]" and questioned whether it is pandering to domestic audiences by being "so Canadian it hurts."[46] Arts reporter Alison Broverman felt that the film merely rehashed tired Canadian stereotypes[42] while Sloan thought that it was too commercial, seeking populist appeal by "copying the worst aspects of American popular cinema."[66]

Reviews in the Associated Press, IF Magazine and The Globe and Mail found the film to be lampooning classic musicals. Writing for the latter, Stephen Cole stated: "McGowan's wondrous achievement here is making a discarded genre seem like ready-made fun. He does so by creating a playful satire of musicals, while somehow – this is the hard part – capturing the charm that made song and dance movies so popular."[45][26][63] However, Brian Brooks of IndieWire objected to the concept of an ironic musical, writing, "musicals are about the glorious conflation of fantasy with reality – something as antithetical to irony as imaginable".[68]

Several reviewers strongly objected to the film's selection to open TIFF, calling it "embarrassing"[66] and "disastrous".[69] Festival films have tended to be thoughtful in examining their topics[70] and filmmaker Don McKellar noted that festival critics were generally harsher toward comedies.[71] For years, writers continued to refer to the premiere of Score as "infamous"[72] despite its having received a standing ovation.[58] While it had been traditional for a Canadian film to open the festival,[m] Canadian filmmakers avoided the opening spot for eight years following the premiere of Score.[74]

Nominations and awards[edit]

The film received two nominations for the 2011 Directors Guild of Canada (DGC) Awards: Best Feature Film, and Best Direction by McGowan.[75] Reid was nominated for Outstanding Male Performance at the 2011 ACTRA Awards in Toronto.[76][77]

The 2011 Planet in Focus Environmental Film Festival in Toronto awarded Score the Green Screen Award for integrating environmentally friendly production techniques.[78][79] The production's green plan reduced its greenhouse gas emissions by an estimated 20 tonnes.[12][27]

Award Category Recipient Result Ref.
Directors Guild of Canada Awards Best Feature Film Score: A Hockey Musical Nominated [75]
Best Direction Michael McGowan Nominated
ACTRA Awards in Toronto Outstanding Male Performance Noah Reid Nominated [76][77]
Planet in Focus Environmental Film Festival Green Screen Award Avi Federgreen Won [78]

See also[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

  1. ^ A 2000 study found a strong stereotype of Canadians as the least aggressive people from amongst nine English-speaking countries.[2]: 498 
  2. ^ a b The unwritten code of conduct in hockey fights exists to avoid serious injury and ensure fair fights which do not escalate into bench-clearing brawls.[6] It includes practices such as throwing down stick and gloves (and in cases helmet) when challenging an opponent or accepting a challenge; stopping a fight when one fighter falls; that enforcers should not fight an opponent smaller than themselves; and that "turtling" – covering up without throwing a punch – is dishonorable.[7]
  3. ^ Junior ice hockey is for players aged 15–20. The Brampton Capitals (1984–2012) was among the most successful teams in the Ontario Junior Hockey League, with a home stadium on Brampton's shared townline with Toronto.
  4. ^ Goaltenders are normally off-limits for checking or fighting and are rarely involved in fights.
  5. ^ Due to Farley's rejection of the team's masculine norms by refusing to fight, his hockey skates are given a "girlie" makeover in reflective gold with rhinestones.[8]
  6. ^ Not to be confused with two theatrical plays also titled Hockey: The Musical – one of which premiered at the Toronto Fringe Festival in July 2008[15] and another which premiered in Detroit in May 2016.[16]
  7. ^ Sky produced four of Newton-John's CDs.[19]
  8. ^ Ontario select league is a competitive developmental minor ice hockey league for children aged 9–17, supplementing house league play.[23]
  9. ^ Figure skating has become seen as a "Girls' sport", with male participants of questionable masculinity.[43]
  10. ^ Turtling – adopting a prone position and covering up without throwing a punch – is considered highly dishonourable as (1) the player does not answer the challenge to fight, and (2) it may appear that the player is trying to draw a penalty against the opponent for being the lone instigator in a non-mutual fight.[7]
  11. ^ The September film festival openings led toward the official launch of the 2010–11 NHL season on 7 October with the Toronto Maple Leafs vs the Montreal Canadiens.[54]
  12. ^ 2011's largest international film festival in the US, MSPIFF screened 190 films over 22 days and had three simultaneously screened opening films: documentary Page One: Inside the New York Times, musical comedy Score, and found-footage horror Trollhunter.[61]
  13. ^ In TIFF's first 35 years, non-Canadian films opened the festival only three times.[73]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Robidoux, Michael A. (Spring 2002). "Imagining a Canadian Identity through Sport: A Historical Interpretation of Lacrosse and Hockey". The Journal of American Folklore. 115 (456, Folklore in Canada). American Folklore Society: 209–225. JSTOR 4129220.
  2. ^ McAndrew, Francis T.; Akande, Adebowale; Bridgstock, Ruth; Mealey, Linda; Gordon, Stephen C.; Scheib, Joanna E.; Akande-Adetoun, Bolanle E.; Odewale, Funmi; Morakinyo, Asefon; Nyahete, Patricia; Mubvakure, Geradine (August 2000). "A Multicultural Study of Stereotyping in English-Speaking Countries" (PDF). Journal of Social Psychology. 140 (4): 487–502. doi:10.1080/00224540009600487. ISSN 0022-4545. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024. we cannot rule out the possibility that Americans, as a group, are simply more unpleasant people than Canadians.
  3. ^ a b Smith, Michael D. (Spring 1979). "Towards an Explanation of Hockey Violence: A Reference Other Approach". The Canadian Journal of Sociology. 4 (2). Canadian Journal of Sociology: 105–124. JSTOR 3339824.
  4. ^ Colburn, Kenneth (Spring 1986). "Deviance and Legitimacy in Ice-Hockey: A Microstructural Theory of Violence". The Sociological Quarterly. 27 (1). Taylor & Francis, Ltd.: 63–74. doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1986.tb00249.x. JSTOR 4106165.
  5. ^ Bernstein, Ross (2006). The Code: The Unwritten Rules of Fighting and Retaliation in the NHL. Triumph Books. p. xxi. ISBN 978-1-57243-756-2.
  6. ^ Klawans, Justin (27 December 2022). "Why fighting is allowed in ice hockey". The Week. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  7. ^ a b Kurtzberg, Brad (26 December 2012). "The 15 Unwritten Rules of the NHL". Bleacher Report. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e Klady, Leonard (9 September 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical". Screen Daily. London, England. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  9. ^ a b c d e Szklarski, Cassandra (28 January 2010). "She's the one that he wants: T.O. director nabs Newton-John for hockey musical". The Canadian Press. ProQuest 346086346.
  10. ^ a b Ue, Tom (January 2011). "Musical Score: In conversation with director, Michael McGowan". Maple Tree Literary Supplement (8). Ottawa, Ontario. ISSN 1916-341X.
  11. ^ Heyman, Marshall (15 September 2010). "Heart & Scene: The Other Big Show: Toronto Film Festival". The Wall Street Journal. New York City: Dow Jones & Company. p. A26. ProQuest 750517819.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Binning, Cheryl (7 September 2010). "TIFF 2010 Opener: Score: A Hockey Musical". Playback. Brunico Communications. Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  13. ^ a b Telefilm Canada (4 December 2009). "Telefilm Canada finances 17 English-language feature films through the Canada Feature Film Fund" (Press release). Canada Newswire. ProQuest 453067891.
  14. ^ a b "In Production Listings". Playback. 25 January 2010. ProQuest 196328548.
  15. ^ Fischler, Marcelle S. (15 June 2008). "Born of a Classroom Presentation, a Musical About... Hockey". New York Times (online). ProQuest 2221783848. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  16. ^ Monaghan, John (19 May 2016). "Getting musical over hockey". Detroit Free Press. p. Z17. ProQuest 1789768008.
  17. ^ Stone, Jay (9 September 2010). "Musical scores festival's opening spot; Filmmaker thinks Canada, the world ready for movie about singing hockey players". Times-Colonist. Victoria, British Columbia. Postmedia News. p. D3. ProQuest 750244823.
  18. ^ "David Keon - Stats - NHL.com - Players". Archived from the original on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  19. ^ Salem, Rob (10 September 2010). "Score's party adds spice to new venue". Toronto Star. p. E2. ProQuest 750404527.
  20. ^ a b c d e f Wheeler, Brad (12 March 2010). "They shoot! They score! They sing!". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. ProQuest 2385879368. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  21. ^ a b c Skinner, Justin (8 September 2010). "Hockey and music come together at film festival". The City Centre Mirror. Willowdale, Ontario. p. 1. ProQuest 749995992.
  22. ^ a b c Reid, Michael D. (15 October 2010). "Actress scores big part; Victoria-schooled Allie MacDonald stars in hockey musical". Times-Colonist. Toronto, Ontario. Postmedia News. p. D1. ProQuest 758842238.
  23. ^ "What is Select Hockey?". Whitechurch-Stouffville Minor Hockey Association. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 12 May 2024.
  24. ^ "Outdoor rinks hold allure for Score star". National Post. Toronto, Ontario. 20 October 2010. p. A13. ProQuest 759621186. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  25. ^ a b Strauss, Marise (28 January 2010). "Newton-John singing for McGowan musical". Playback. Brunico Communications. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  26. ^ a b c d Associated Press (14 October 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical – Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  27. ^ a b Astral Media (17 October 2011). "Astral's Harold Greenberg Fund and Planet in Focus Announce the Planet in Focus GREEN SCREEN AWARD Recipients" (Press release). Canada Newswire. ProQuest 898527924.
  28. ^ "Fujinon PL mount lenses zoom in on several new Syfy series". Broadcast Engineering. Overland Park, Kansas: Future Publishing. 23 November 2011. ISSN 0007-1994. ProQuest 905721461.
  29. ^ "Brampton in Film". Brampton Guardian. Brampton, Ontario: Metroland Media Group. 20 July 2010. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  30. ^ Taylor, Kate (29 September 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical hopes to break the curse and draw a million people to movie houses across the country". Toronto Star. p. E1. ProQuest 755415759.
  31. ^ Zekas, Rita (9 September 2010). "'Acting, singing, hockey: my three great loves': Score star Noah Reid can't believe his luck". Toronto Star. p. E4. ProQuest 749993577. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  32. ^ Slotek, Jim (9 September 2020). "Learning to embrace a hockey musical". The London Free Press. London, Ontario. QMI press agency. p. C6. ProQuest 2217343545.
  33. ^ Stone, Jay (18 October 2010). "Score". Postmedia News. ProQuest 848585948.
  34. ^ "A new hockey song to add to your playlist". The Ottawa Citizen. Postmedia News. 16 October 2010. p. G8. ProQuest 758965165.
  35. ^ "Music". Score: A Hockey Musical. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2012.
  36. ^ "SCORE: A Hockey Musical [Original Soundtrack] Various Artists". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
  37. ^ a b Dymond, Greig (21 October 2010). "Review: Score: A Hockey Musical". CBC News. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  38. ^ Wheeler, Brad (22 October 2010). "Top 10 Canadian CD sales". The Globe and Mail (online). ProQuest 2385451563.
  39. ^ Stone, Jay (9 September 2010). "Parsing our national pastime; Canadian identity goes under the lens in Score". National Post. Toronto, Ontario. p. AL5. ProQuest 750244084.
  40. ^ a b "Telefilm and MoMA bring eighth Canadian Front to New York audiences" (Press release). Telefilm Canada. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  41. ^ a b Clements, Warren (20 January 2011). "Score doesn't exactly slip one past the goalie". The Globe and Mail (online). ProQuest 2387740541.
  42. ^ a b Broverman, Alison; Miki, Waylen; Lewis, Scott (29 October 2010). "Sing, Skate & Be Merry; Popcorn panel: Score: A Hockey Musical". National Post. Toronto, Ontario: CanWest Digital Media. p. PM6. ProQuest 761260075.
  43. ^ Adams, Mary Louise (2011). Artistic Impressions: Figure Skating, Masculinity, and the Limits of Sport. University of Toronto Press. p. 198. doi:10.3138/9781442695603. ISBN 9781442695603.
  44. ^ a b Howell, Peter (21 October 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical: The perils of losing your (Don) Cherry". Toronto Star. ProQuest 759564727. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  45. ^ a b Cole, Stephen (22 October 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical: It's love on skates". The Globe and Mail. ProQuest 2385453022. Archived from the original on 28 October 2010. Retrieved 29 October 2010.
  46. ^ a b c d Groen, Rick (4 September 2010). "A high-shticking breakaway". The Globe and Mail. p. R1. ProQuest 749452350.
  47. ^ a b Dale, Daniel (30 October 2010). "Rewind: The week in review". Toronto Star. p. IN2. ProQuest 761182768.
  48. ^ a b Strauss, Marise (10 September 2010). "McGowan Scores at TIFF opener". Playback. Brunico Communications. Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  49. ^ Carter, Sue (10 August 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical opens Atlantic Film Festival". The Coast. Halifax, Nova Scotia. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  50. ^ Whitehouse, Mike (30 July 2010). "Cinefest kicks off with a hockey musical". The Sudbury Star. Sudbury, Ontario. p. A1. ProQuest 2210984617.
  51. ^ "Hockey musical 'Score' to hit TIFF, other festivals". CTV News. Toronto: Bell Media. The Canadian Press. 2 September 2010. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  52. ^ Ashbee, Karen (28 September 2010). "CIFF blog: Calgary scores with hockey musical". Fashion. Toronto. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  53. ^ "Hockey musical takes centre ice; Canadian movie will open two film festivals". Edmonton Journal. Edmonton, Alberta. 16 July 2010. p. D3. ProQuest 613684369.
  54. ^ "NHL releases full 2010–2011 schedule of events". NBC Sports. 28 May 2010. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  55. ^ Van Evra, Jennifer (8 October 2010). "VIFF's Anniversary Gala has a hockey musical in the lineup". The Globe and Mail. Toronto, Ontario. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  56. ^ Haskins, Mark (11 November 2010). "As musicals go, this one scores". The Frontenac Gazette. Kingston, Ontario: Postmedia Network. p. 27. ProQuest 763697072.
  57. ^ a b "Score: A Hockey Musical". Tribute. Tribute Entertainment Media Group. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  58. ^ a b Hall, Jamie. "Score hits the ice in hockey-loving Edmonton". Edmonton Journal. Edmonton, Alberta. p. D3. ProQuest 754978695.
  59. ^ "Canadian Front 2011". Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). New York City. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  60. ^ a b Potemra, Michael (19 March 2011). "A Funny, Delightful New Musical". National Review. New York City. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  61. ^ a b Covert, Colin (10 April 2011). "MSPIFFed up and ready to shine: Organizers put a fresh polish on the Minneapolis/St. Paul International Film Fest, which starts Thursday with its biggest-ever lineup". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. p. E3. ProQuest 861338318.
  62. ^ "Focus Canada returns to the Shanghai International Film Festival" (Press release). Telefilm Canada. 3 June 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  63. ^ a b "Sydney Canadian Film Festival announces opening night film". IF Magazine. Sydney, Australia. 6 July 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  64. ^ "Score: A Hockey Musical tapped for NYC film fest". CBC News. 9 March 2011. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  65. ^ Slotek, Jim (9 September 2010). "Must-see movies". Toronto Sun. p. 71. ProQuest 2223121375.
  66. ^ a b c Sloan, Will (8 September 2010). "Score: A Hockey Musical". Exclaim!. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  67. ^ "Hockey comedy to open festival". Los Angeles Times. Reuters. 15 July 2010. p. D2. ProQuest 609769327.
  68. ^ Brooks, Brian (16 March 2011). "A Casualty of its Success? MoMA's Canadian Front Series Offers Mixed Bag". IndieWire. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  69. ^ Takeuchi, Craig (20 August 2011). "Will the Bollywood-spiced Breakaway beat Canada's Score as a hockey musical?". The Georgia Straight. Vancouver, British Columbia. Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
  70. ^ Leong, Melissa (15 July 2010). "It doesn't get much more Canadian; TIFF to open with Score: A Hockey Musical". National Post. Toronto, Ontario. p. AL1. ProQuest 316392896.
  71. ^ Stone, Jay (10 September 2013). "The Grand Seduction: Can a Canadian comedy be a hit?". Toronto, Ontario. Postmedia News. ProQuest 1431563657.>
  72. ^ Smith, Justine (7 September 2019). "The strength of this year's Canadian lineup comes from TIFF's focus on fresh and innovative young voices". National Post. Toronto, Ontario. p. WP7. ProQuest 2286061431.
  73. ^ Dixon, Guy (14 July 2010). "Hockey musical will open TIFF". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. ProQuest 2385635829.
  74. ^ "Toronto International Film Festival to open with Robbie Robertson doc". The Canadian Press. 18 July 2019. ProQuest 2260477698.
  75. ^ a b Directors Guild of Canada (DGC) (15 August 2011). "2011 Directors Guild of Canada Awards Nominees Announced" (Press release). Canada Newswire. ProQuest 883384587. Archived from the original on 9 October 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  76. ^ a b "Late character actor Maury Chaykin among nominees for ACTRA awards". The Canadian Press. 12 January 2011. ProQuest 840082564.
  77. ^ a b "2011 ACTRA Awards in Toronto Winners". ACTRA Toronto. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  78. ^ a b Bailey, Katie (17 October 2011). "Planet in Focus honours the best in 'green' film". Playback. Brunico Communications. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
  79. ^ "Vancouver festival audiences choose Iranian film". CBC News. 17 October 2011. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Score:_A_Hockey_Musical&oldid=1225147478"